Validity of fecal coliforms, total coliforms, and fecal streptococci as indicators of viruses in chlorinated primary sewage effluents
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Evaluation of Methods for Detecting Coliforms and Fecal Streptococci in Chlorinated Sewage Effluents
Total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and fecal streptococcus (FS) recoveries in chlorinated secondary sewage effluents were investigated by the membrane filter (MF) and multiple-tube (most probable number, MPN) methods. The LES two-step MF method was found to be comparable to the MPN procedure for determining TC. The TC detection was 1.5 times greater by the LES two-step technique than tha...
متن کاملMembrane filter method for recovery of fecal coliforms in chlorinated sewage effluents.
The standard one-step M-FC broth-membrane-filter procedure for recovery of fecal coliforms from chlorinated sewage effluents is much less effective than the multiple-tube (most-probable-number) technique. A two-step membrane-filter method, using a pre-enrichment technique with phenol red lactose broth and incubation at 35 degrees C for 4 h, followether 18+/-2 h, enhanced fecal coliform recovery...
متن کاملAutomated electrical impedance technique for rapid enumeration of fecal coliforms in effluents from sewage treatment plants.
Fecal coliforms growing in a selective lactose-based broth medium at 44.5 degrees C generate a change in the electrical impedance of the culture relative to a sterile control when populations reach 10(6) to 10(7) per ml. The ratio of these changes was measured automatically, and the data were processed by computer. A linear relation was found between the log10 of the number of fecal coliforms i...
متن کاملFecal Coliforms and Fecal Streptococci Contamination of Traditional Ice Cream in Tabriz
Most of present traditional ice cream from hygienic quality has non-conforming with extant standards. Pasteurization of primary ice cream mixture with sufficient thermal processing increase hygienic quality level and causes control of primary infection. Origins of infection for traditional ice cream consist of: use of infected primary materials (milk or cream) or non-pasteurization of them. Stu...
متن کاملRapid, single-step most-probable-number method for enumerating fecal coliforms in effluents from sewage treatment plants.
A single-step most-probable-number method for enumerating fecal coliforms in sewage treatment plant effluents is described. The method requires the use of only one lactose-based medium and a single incubation temperature of 44.5 degrees C, and it can be completed in 18 h or less, as compared with up to 72 h for the standard most-probable-number method. The appearance of growth is the sole crite...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
سال: 1978
ISSN: 0099-2240,1098-5336
DOI: 10.1128/aem.36.6.880-884.1978